Transparent Sapphire Optical Window Substrate Single Crystal Al2O3
99.999% Cut Custom IR Window
Sapphire window is an optical component made of single crystal
sapphire (α-alumina, Al₂O₃), which is widely used in various
high-end fields because of its excellent physical and chemical
properties. Sapphire is a material second only to diamond in
hardness, with extremely high mechanical strength, wear resistance
and chemical stability. Its single crystal structure makes it
excellent in optical properties, especially in the ultraviolet,
visible and infrared bands with high transmittance.
The manufacturing process of sapphire window pieces includes steps
such as crystal growth, cutting, grinding and polishing. The
commonly used crystal growth methods are Kyropoulos method and
Czochralski method to ensure the high purity and uniformity of the
material. After precision machining, the surface of the sapphire
window can achieve extremely high finish and flatness to meet the
needs of high-precision optical systems.
Due to their unique combination of properties, sapphire window
pieces are widely used in the optical, electronic, aerospace and
industrial fields, becoming an indispensable key component in many
high-end devices.
Features:
1. High hardness and wear resistance
Sapphire has a Mohs hardness of up to 9, second only to diamond,
making it extremely resistant to scratch and wear, suitable for
long-term use in harsh environments.
2. Excellent optical properties
Sapphire has a high transmittance (about 80%-85%) in the
ultraviolet (UV), visible light (VIS) and infrared (IR) bands,
especially in the 0.15-5.5 micron wavelength range, suitable for a
variety of optical applications.
3. High chemical stability
Sapphire has strong corrosion resistance to most acids, bases and
solvents, and can maintain stable performance in highly corrosive
environments.
4. High thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance
Sapphire has a high thermal conductivity and can effectively
dissipate heat, while its melting point is as high as 2050℃, which
is suitable for use in high temperature environments.
5. Excellent mechanical strength
The high compressive strength and bending strength of sapphire can
withstand large mechanical stress and impact, suitable for
high-load application scenarios.
6. Good electrical insulation
Sapphire is an excellent electrical insulation material, suitable
for high voltage and high frequency electronic devices.
Technical Parameter:
Product name | industrial sapphire wafer |
sapphire optical lens chemical formula | AL2O3 |
Crystal structure | Hexagonal |
Hardness Mohs | 9H |
Compressvise strength | Gpa 2.0 |
Density(20℃) | 3.98g/cm |
Fusion point | 2040℃ |
Boiling point | 2980℃ |
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | α=5.8×10 -6 /K |
Specific heat | 0.418W.s/g/k |
Thermal conduction | 25.12W/m/k(@100°C) |
Optical transmission range | 0.17-5.5μm |
Transmission(0.3~5um) | 85-88% |
Refractive index | no=1.768nd |
ne=1.76nd |
dn/dt | 13×10-6/K(@633nm) |
Permittivity | 11.5(//c), 9.3(⊥c) |
Applications:
Optical window and sensor protection
- Sapphire window pieces are commonly used to protect Windows for
optical instruments, laser systems and sensors, effectively
preventing dust, water vapor and mechanical damage while
maintaining high light transmittance.
Consumer electronics
- In consumer electronics such as smartphones and smart watches,
sapphire window pieces are used as camera protection covers and
screen covers, providing excellent scratch resistance and
durability.
Aerospace and Defense
- Because of its high hardness, high temperature resistance and
radiation resistance, sapphire window is widely used in the sensor
window of aerospace equipment, missile fairing and satellite
optical system.
Industrial equipment
- In the industrial sector, sapphire Windows are used in
high-temperature viewing Windows, laser cutting heads and
protective lenses to maintain stable optical performance in harsh
environments.
Medical equipment
- Sapphire window pieces are used in medical devices for endoscopes,
laser surgical instruments and optical inspection instruments,
providing high light transmittance and biocompatibility.
Semiconductor and electronics industry
- In semiconductor manufacturing, sapphire Windows are used as
protective Windows for mask plates and wafer processing in
photolithography machines, ensuring high precision and reliability.
Research and laboratory
- Sapphire window pieces are used in the field of scientific research
for high energy laser experiments, spectral analysis and
observation Windows in vacuum systems to meet the needs of high
precision and high stability.
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